So know you know what the density of water is at different temperatures, but what if you want to find the density of something that isn't water? It's actually pretty easy to do! How to Calculate the Density of a Substance It's not until the temperature is very extreme in one direction or another (close to freezing or boiling), that the temperature of water changes enough that 1 g/cm 3 would no longer be acceptably accurate. The chart also shows that, for the range of temperatures typical for indoor science labs (about 50☏/10☌ to 70☏/21☌), the density of water is very close to 1 g/cm 3, which is why that value is used in all but the most exact density calculations. This is why ice floats on top of water and, when you put ice cubes in a glass of water, they don't just sink straight to the bottom. Once you get below water's freezing point (32☏/0☌), the density of water decreases because ice is less dense than water. Seawater density is typically slightly higher than the density of pure water, about 1.02g/cm 3 to 1.03g/cm 3.īelow is a chart that shows the density of water (in grams/cm 3) at different temperatures, ranging from below water's freezing point (-22☏/-30☌) to its boiling point (212☏/100☌).Īs you can see in the chart, water only has an exact density of 1 g/cm 3 at 39.2☏ or 4.0☌. Saltwater (like the oceans) has a different density which depends on how much salt is dissolved in the water. Note that these water density values are only true for pure water. You can look at the chart in the next section to see how water's density changes with temperature. These variations in density are very slight though, so unless you need to know very exact calculations or the experiment takes place in an area with an extreme temperature/pressure, you can continue to use 1 g/cm 3 for water density. However, water's exact density depends on both the air pressure and the temperature of the area. So, 1g/1cm 3 = 1 g/cm 3, giving water its easy-to-remember density. Density is mass divided by volume (ρ=m/v), and water was used as the basis for establishing the metric unit of mass, which means a cubic centimeter (1cm 3) of water weighs one gram (1g). It's no coincidence that water has a density of 1. The density of water is most given as 1 g/cm 3, but below is the density of water with different units. In this guide we explain water density, provide a chart you can use to find the density of water at different temperatures, and explain three different ways to calculate density.ĭensity is the mass per unit volume of a substance. What is the density of water? Does it matter what the temperature is? How can you figure out the density of other objects and liquids?
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